Bearing lubrication – A solution for every application 

Viiplus lubricants are designed for your needs and tested for performance in real applications. Our experience with bearings, lubricants and applications helps us to offer the right lubricants for your applications and improve your overall lubrication scheme.

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Reliable bearing operation

In order to make reasonable lubrication of the bearing, it is necessary to start from the mechanical structure, bearing installation
In order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the bearing, in order to minimize friction and wear when the bearing is working, and avoid pitting corrosion on the bearing surface and cause failure, it is required to Bearings must be lubricated.

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Why are bearings damaged?

Normal lubrication can significantly improve the fatigue life and friction, wear, temperature, and vibration of rolling bearings. Analysis of the causes of bearing damage shows that about 40% of bearing damages are related to poor lubrication. The contents of the lubrication design of rolling bearings mainly include: reasonable
The determination of the lubrication method, the correct selection of the lubricant, the quantitative calculation of the amount of lubricant, and the determination of the oil change interval.

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Lubrication way

Three types of lubrication methods

1. Oil lubrication

When the bearing works under high temperature and high-speed conditions, it must be lubricated with oil. Commonly used lubricating oils are mechanical oil, high-speed mechanical oil, turbine oil, compressor oil, transformer oil, and cylinder oil. When lubricating with oil, the viscosity of the lubricating oil is the premise of the formation of the lubricating oil film. In order to form a lubricating oil film of sufficient thickness between the contact surfaces, the viscosity of the oil should ensure that it does not lose its minimum viscosity at the working temperature. Therefore, when selecting lubrication, the viscosity of the oil should ensure that it can provide sufficient lubrication for the bearing at operating temperature. Generally speaking, low-viscosity lubricating oil should be used when the bearing speed is high; when the bearing is under heavy load, higher-viscosity lubricating oil should be used. According to oil Depending on the structure of the lubricating system selected for slippage, oil lubrication can be divided into the following categories:

Oil bath lubrication is one of the most commonly used and very simple lubrication methods, suitable for bearings running at low and medium speeds. Lubricating oil is zeroed by the rotating bearing The parts are picked up and the bearings are lubricated before flowing back into the oil tank. When using this method to lubricate, pay attention to the control of oil quantity, and the oil level should be slightly lower than the lowest bearing The centerline of the bearing, too much oil will cause excessive temperature rise agitation, insufficient oil will cause early failure of the bearing, it is recommended to use the oil level indicator to check (Maintain) proper oil level.

Drip lubrication is to use the weight of the lubricating oil to drip onto the friction pair drop by drop. A needle valve-type oil filling cup is provided at the oil supply part. this lubricating Fado is used for the lubrication of friction pairs that are small in number and easy to approach, such as machine tool guide rails, bearings, gears, chains, and other parts. When the bearing parts need to be quantitative When supplying lubricating oil, drip oil can be used, and the amount of dripping oil is generally one drop every 3 to 8 seconds because too much oil will cause the temperature rise of the bearing to increase.

When the bearing operating speed is high, the bearing temperature rise will also increase accordingly, resulting in the aging of the oil. The use of circulating oil lubrication can effectively prevent the above phenomenon production. The lubricating oil is sent to the bearing parts by the oil pump, an oil inlet is installed at one end of the bearing, and an oil outlet is installed at the other end of the bearing. pass-through The lubricating oil behind the bearing can be recycled after being filtered and cooled. Since the lubricating oil can take away a certain amount of heat during the circulation process, it can ensure that the bearing is always Maintaining work at a lower temperature, this method is suitable for bearing components with higher rotational speeds. But note that the oil outlet should be larger than the oil inlet so that there is no remaining oil remain in the bearing

When the bearing is running at high speed with a low-medium load,  for sure Keep enough lubricating oil to supply the bearings running at high speed. The lubricating oil must be sprayed into the bearing from one end of the bearing by means of high-pressure injection and the bearing shall be applied. Lubrication, after lubricating, the oil flows back into the oil tank from the other end. With this method and in order to effectively lubricate the bearings, care should be taken to make the position of the high-pressure nozzle Between the inner ring and the center of the cage, the injection speed of the lubricating oil should not be lower than 15m/s and the oil should be injected directly into the bearing.

When the bearing is working at high speed, high temperature, and heavy load, the compressed air and a small amount of lubricating oil are mixed to form oil mist and sprayed into each running bearing.
Compared with other lubrication methods, this method can make the operating temperature the lowest, so the rotating speed of the bearing is allowed to reach the highest. The high-pressure airflow can be used to cool the bearings,
The intrusion of impurities can also be effectively prevented.

The above lubrication methods are oil lubrication of the bearing. In order to ensure that the lubrication of the bearing is always maintained in a good state, the lubricating oil should be replaced regularly when oil lubrication is used. The replacement cycle varies with the lubrication method. When the oil bath is lubricated, as long as the operating temperature does not exceed 50°C and there is no pollution, it is usually enough to replace it once a year. However, as the temperature increases, the replacement cycle is shortened accordingly. For example, when the operating temperature reaches 100 °C, the oil must be changed every three months. When using circulating oil lubrication, it should be determined by the speed of the oil circulation and whether the oil has been cooled. When lubricating by this method, equipment maintenance and replacement of lubricant are convenient, but the lubricating device is complicated, the sealing is difficult, and the oil is one-time use, so there is no problem of replacement.

2. Grease lubrication

Grease lubrication does not require a special oil supply system and has the advantages of a simple sealing device, low maintenance cost, and low grease cost. It is widely used in bearings operating at low speed, medium speed, and medium temperature. Especially in recent years, the advent and continuous development of anti-wear additives have improved the lubricating properties of grease and made grease lubrication more widely used. The most commonly used greases are calcium-based grease, lithium-based grease, aluminum-based grease, and molybdenum disulfide grease. Different greases have great differences in physical and mechanical properties and adaptable temperature. The appropriate type of grease should be selected according to different working conditions to meet its use requirements. Under normal circumstances, some basic grease is already installed in the bearing when it leaves the factory.
Direct contact for targeted production.
In actual production, the selection of grease should mainly be considered in terms of working temperature, bearing load, and rotational speed.

Since the viscosity of grease is closely related to temperature, the viscosity of general grease should not be lower than 13mm2/s for ball bearings, and should not be lower than 13mm2/s for roller bearings.
When choosing a specific grease, the dropping point, penetration and low-temperature performance of the grease should be mainly considered. The working temperature of the general bearing must be lower than the lubrication Lipid drop point 10 ~ 20 ℃. When synthetic grease is used, its working temperature should be 20-30°C lower than the dropping point temperature. The selection principle of lubricating grease at a specific temperature is as follows:
The following three points:
①When the working temperature is 50～70℃, the grease thickened with synthetic lubricating oil such as double grease or silicone oil is mostly used.
②For low-speed spindles with a working temperature of less than 70°C, sodium-based grease is often used; aluminum-based grease is used at medium speed; lithium-based grease or special grease is used at high speed.
③When the working temperature is within 15℃, the grease thickened with high-viscosity mineral oil or the lithium-based grease thickened with silicone oil can be used.

The greater the load of the bearing, the higher the viscosity of the grease should be, that is, the type of grease with small penetration is selected to ensure that there is a good amount of grease between the contact surfaces under the load.
Effectively form a lubricating oil film. As the bearing load decreases, the viscosity of the selected grease should also decrease.

Because the higher the rotational speed of the bearing, the greater the friction and heat generation, the speed of different bearing types is limited to a certain range.
The special needs of the bearing application should also be selected according to other properties of different lubricating greases. For example, under the working conditions of humidity or more water, calcium-based grease should be the first choice because it is not easily soluble in water, and sodium-based grease should be the first choice. Soluble in water should be used in dry and low moisture environmental conditions. Therefore, the bearing
The selection of grease should meet the principle of determining the type of grease by the specific production conditions of the work.
Commonly used greases include Tieba red grease, Tieba green grease, Tieba black grease, Tieba molybdenum disulfide grease, Tieba high-temperature anti-seize grease, Tieba TP2000 series grease, and so on.

3. Solid Lubrication

If the use of oil lubrication and grease lubrication cannot meet the lubrication conditions required by the bearing, or cannot meet specific working conditions, solid lubricants can be used, or try to improve the lubrication performance of the bearing itself. Under the conditions of use, a small amount of solid lubricant is added to the grease, such as adding 3-5% molybdenum disulfide to reduce wear and improve compression and heat resistance. For high temperature, high pressure, high vacuum, corrosion resistance, radiation resistance, and special conditions such as extremely low temperature, adding solid lubricant to the copper sleeve can be made into bearing parts with self-lubricating properties, which has a certain effect on reducing friction and wear.